Verse 9Nebuchadnezzar - In this work shall be my servant; though you will not be my servants in obeying my commands. Verse 10Moreover - Nay, I will not only deprive you of your mirth, but of those things that are necessary for you, as necessary as bread and light, the millstone shall not move, you shall not have the light so much as of a candle. Verse 12Accomplished - Counted from the time that the Jews were carried away in the time of Jeconiah or Jehoiakim, 2Kings 24:15,16. Desolations - This was fulfilled by Darius, the king of Persia, Dan 4:31, of these seventy Nebuchadnezzar reigned thirty six, 2Kings 25:27. Evil - merodach thirty two, and Belshazzar at least two, Dan 8:1. Verse 15The cup - God made Jeremiah to see the appearance of such a cup in a vision. Verse 20Of Uz - Some part of Arabia Petraea, near to Idumaea. Of the Philistines - Uzzah, Ekron, Ashdod, and Askelon, were four of their cities, the fifth which was Gath is not here named. For before this time it was destroyed, either by Psammeticus, father to Pharaoh Necho, or by Tartan, captain general to Sargon, king of Assyria, of whom read, Isa 20:1, that he took Ashdod, which may be the reason that here mention is made of no more than the remnant of Ashdod. Verse 22Beyond the sea - Probably those parts of Syria that coasted upon the mid - land sea. Verse 23Tema - Tema descended from Ishmael, Gen 25:15, his posterity inhabited in Arabia, Isa 21:13,14, where they are joined with those of Dedan. Buz - Buz was one of the posterity of Nahor, Gen 22:21. These were people mixed with the Saracens or Arabians. Verse 25Zimri - Those descended from Zimran, Abraham's son by Keturah, Gen 25:2. Elam - The Persians. The Medes - The Medes came from Madai the son of Japhet. Verse 26The north - All under the government of the Chaldeans. Of Sheshach - And the king of Babylon, who was last of all to drink of this cup of the Lord's fury. Verse 34Shepherds - Shepherds and the principal of the flock, in this place mean civil rulers. A pleasant vessel - Like a crystal glass, or some delicate vessel, which breaks in pieces and cannot again be set together. Verse 38Because - The effects of this rising up of God out of his covert is the desolation of the land through the fierceness of the enemy, caused by the fierce anger of God.