Η Καινή Διαθήκη Acts 23

1Ἀτενίσας δὲ ὁ Παῦλος τῷ συνεδρίῳ εἶπεν, «Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοί, ἐγὼ πάσῃ συνειδήσει ἀγαθῇ πεπολίτευμαι τῷ Θεῷ ἄχρι ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας.» 2Ὁ δὲ ἀρχιερεὺς Ἀνανίας ἐπέταξεν τοῖς παρεστῶσιν αὐτῷ τύπτειν αὐτοῦ τὸ στόμα. 3Τότε ὁ Παῦλος πρὸς αὐτὸν εἶπεν· «Τύπτειν σε μέλλει ὁ Θεός, τοῖχε κεκονιαμένε· καὶ σὺ κάθῃ κρίνων με κατὰ τὸν νόμον, καὶ παρανομῶν κελεύεις με τύπτεσθαι.» 4Οἱ δὲ παρεστῶτες εἶπον, «Τὸν ἀρχιερέα τοῦ Θεοῦ λοιδορεῖς;» 5Ἔφη τε ὁ Παῦλος· «Οὐκ ᾔδειν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι ἐστὶν ἀρχιερεύς· γέγραπται γάρ, ‹Ἄρχοντα τοῦ λαοῦ σου οὐκ ἐρεῖς κακῶς.› »

6Γνοὺς δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ὅτι τὸ ἓν μέρος ἐστὶν Φαρισαίων, τὸ δὲ ἕτερον Σαδδουκαίων, ἔκραξεν ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ, «Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοί, ἐγὼ Φαρισαῖός εἰμι, υἱὸς Φαρισαίου· περὶ ἐλπίδος καὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν ἐγὼ κρίνομαι.» 7Τοῦτο δὲ αὐτοῦ λαλήσαντος, ἐγένετο στάσις τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ τῶν Σαδδουκαίων, καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος. 8(Σαδδουκαῖοι μὲν γὰρ λέγουσιν μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν, μήτε ἄγγελον μήτε πνεῦμα, Φαρισαῖοι δὲ ὁμολογοῦσιν τὰ ἀμφότερα.) 9Ἐγένετο δὲ κραυγὴ μεγάλη, καὶ ἀναστάντες οἱ γραμματεῖς τοῦ μέρους τῶν Φαρισαίων διεμάχοντο λέγοντες, «Οὐδὲν κακὸν εὑρίσκομεν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ· εἰ δὲ πνεῦμα ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ ἢ ἄγγελος, μὴ θεομαχῶμεν.» 10Πολλῆς δὲ γενομένης στάσεως, εὐλαβηθεὶς ὁ χιλίαρχος μὴ διασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν, ἐκέλευσεν τὸ στράτευμα καταβῆναι καὶ ἁρπάσαι αὐτὸν ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν, ἄγειν τε εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν.

A plot exposed

11Τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ νυκτὶ ἐπιστὰς αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος εἶπεν, «Θάρσει Παῦλε, ὡς γὰρ διεμαρτύρω τὰ περὶ ἐμοῦ εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ, οὕτως σε δεῖ καὶ εἰς Ῥώμην μαρτυρῆσαι.» 12Γενομένης δὲ ἡμέρας, ποιήσαντές τινες τῶν Ἰουδαίων συστροφήν, ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν ἕως οὗ ἀνέλωσιν τὸν Παῦλον. 13Ἦσαν δὲ πλείους τεσσαράκοντα οἱ ταύτην τὴν συνωμοσίαν πεποιηκότες· 14οἵτινες προσελθόντες τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις εἶπον· «Ἀναθέματι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτοὺς μηδενὸς γεύσασθαι ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωμεν τὸν Παῦλον. 15Νῦν οὖν, ὑμεῖς ἐμφανίσατε τῷ χιλιάρχῳ, σὺν τῷ συνεδρίῳ, ὅπως αὔριον καταγάγῃ αὐτὸν πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ὡς μέλλοντας διαγινώσκειν ἀκριβέστερον τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ· ἡμεῖς δέ, πρὸ τοῦ ἐγγίσαι αὐτόν, ἕτοιμοί ἐσμεν τοῦ ἀνελεῖν αὐτόν.»

16Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀδελφῆς Παύλου τὸ ἔνεδρον, παραγενόμενος καὶ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν, ἀπήγγειλεν τῷ Παύλῳ. 17Προσκαλεσάμενος δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ἕνα τῶν ἑκατοντάρχων ἔφη, «Τὸν νεανίαν τοῦτον ἀπάγαγε πρὸς τὸν χιλίαρχον, ἔχει γάρ τι ἀπαγγεῖλαι αὐτῷ.» 18Ὁ μὲν οὖν παραλαβὼν αὐτὸν ἤγαγεν πρὸς τὸν χιλίαρχον καί φησιν, «Ὁ δέσμιος Παῦλος προσκαλεσάμενός με ἠρώτησεν τοῦτον τὸν νεανίαν ἀγαγεῖν πρός σε, ἔχοντά τι λαλῆσαί σοι.» 19Ἐπιλαβόμενος δὲ τῆς χειρός αὐτοῦ, ὁ χιλίαρχος καὶ ἀναχωρήσας κατ᾿ ἰδίαν ἐπυνθάνετο, «Τί ἐστιν ὃ ἔχεις ἀπαγγεῖλαί μοι;» 20Εἶπεν δὲ ὅτι «Οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι συνέθεντο τοῦ ἐρωτῆσαί σε ὅπως αὔριον εἰς τὸ συνέδριον καταγάγῃς τὸν Παῦλον, ὡς μέλλοντές τι ἀκριβέστερον πυνθάνεσθαι περὶ αὐτοῦ. 21Σὺ οὖν μὴ πεισθῇς αὐτοῖς· ἐνεδρεύουσιν γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐξ αὐτῶν ἄνδρες πλείους τεσσαράκοντα, οἵτινες ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν ἕως οὗ ἀνέλωσιν αὐτόν· καὶ νῦν ἕτοιμοί εἰσιν προσδεχόμενοι τὴν ἀπὸ σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν.» 22Ὁ μὲν οὖν χιλίαρχος ἀπέλυσεν τὸν νεανίαν παραγγείλας, «Μηδενὶ ἐκλαλῆσαι ὅτι ταῦτα ἐνεφάνισας πρός με.»

Paul sent to Felix

23Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος δύο τινὰς τῶν ἑκατοντάρχων εἶπεν· «Ἑτοιμάσατε στρατιώτας διακοσίους ὅπως πορευθῶσιν ἕως Καισαρείας, καὶ ἱππεῖς ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ δεξιολάβους διακοσίους, ἀπὸ τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός· 24κτήνη τε παραστῆσαι, ἵνα ἐπιβιβάσαντες τὸν Παῦλον διασώσωσιν πρὸς Φήλικα τὸν ἡγεμόνα.» 25Γράψας ἐπιστολὴν περιέχουσαν τὸν τύπον τοῦτον·

26«Κλαύδιος Λυσίας, τῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι Φήλικι· Χαίρειν. 27Τὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον συλληφθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων καὶ μέλλοντα ἀναιρεῖσθαι ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν· ἐπιστὰς σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι ἐξειλόμην αὐτόν, μαθὼν ὅτι Ῥωμαῖός ἐστιν. 28Βουλόμενος δὲ γνῶναι τὴν αἰτίαν δι᾿ ἣν ἐνεκάλουν αὐτῷ, κατήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ συνέδριον αὐτῶν· 29ὃν εὗρον ἐγκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν, μηδὲν ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν ἔγκλημα ἔχοντα. 30Μηνυθείσης δέ μοι ἐπιβουλῆς εἰς τὸν ἄνδρα μέλλειν ἔσεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἐξαυτῆς ἔπεμψα πρός σε, παραγγείλας καὶ τοῖς κατηγόροις λέγειν τὰ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐπὶ σοῦ. Ἔρρωσο.»

31Οἱ μὲν οὖν στρατιῶται, κατὰ τὸ διατεταγμένον αὐτοῖς, ἀναλαβόντες τὸν Παῦλον, ἤγαγον διὰ τῆς νυκτὸς εἰς τὴν Ἀντιπατρίδα. 32Τῇ δὲ ἐπαύριον ἐάσαντες τοὺς ἱππεῖς πορεύεσθαι σὺν αὐτῷ, ὑπέστρεψαν εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν. 33Οἵτινες εἰσελθόντες εἰς τὴν Καισάρειαν καὶ ἀναδόντες τὴν ἐπιστολὴν τῷ ἡγεμόνι, παρέστησαν καὶ τὸν Παῦλον αὐτῷ. 34Ἀναγνοὺς δὲ ὁ ἡγεμὼν καὶ ἐπερωτήσας ἐκ ποίας ἐπαρχίας ἐστίν καὶ πυθόμενος ὅτι ἀπὸ Κιλικίας. 35«Διακούσομαί σου,» ἔφη, «ὅταν καὶ οἱ κατήγοροί σου παραγένωνται.» Ἐκέλευσέν τε αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ πραιτωρίῳ τοῦ Ἡρῴδου φυλάσσεσθαι.

Notes

*23:1 ο παυλος τω συνεδριω f35 (85.9%) HF,RP,OC,TR,NU ¦ 234 B (9%) CP ¦ ~ 3412 ℵA,C (5%)

†23:3 κρινων rell ¦ κρινον [20%]

‡23:4 ειπον rell ¦ ειπαν ℵB [5%] NU

§23:5 γαρ f35 C [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 οτι ℵA,B [5%] NU

*23:6 φαρισαιων το δε ετερον σαδδουκαιων f35 [20%] ¦ ~ 52341 ℵA,B,C [80%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP,NU

†23:6 εκραξεν f35 A [98%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ εκραζεν ℵB,C [2%] NU

‡23:6 φαρισαιου f35 [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ φαρισαιων ℵA(B)C [3%] NU

§23:6 εγω f35 ℵA [99%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ — B,C [1%]

*23:7 λαλησαντος f35 C [86%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ λαλουντος B [10%] ¦ ειποντος (ℵ)A [4%] NU

†23:7 φαρισαιων και των σαδδουκαιων f35 [48%] HF,OC,TR ¦ 1 [25%] RP ¦ ~ 4231 [7%] ¦ 124 A(B)C [15%] NU ¦ ~ 421 ℵ [5%] CP

‡23:8 μητε f35 ℵA,B,C [25%] OC,NU ¦ μηδε [75%] HF,RP,TR,CP

§23:9 ανασταντες f35 [93%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 τινες ℵA,B(C) [7%] NU

*23:9 οι γραμματεις f35 [49%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ 2 [45%] ¦ των γραμματεων ℵB(C) [4%] NU ¦ — A [2%]

†23:9 δε rell ¦ 1 και CP

‡23:9 μη θεομαχωμεν f35 (95.6%) HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B,C (4.4%) NU

§23:10 γενομενης στασεως f35 [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 21 A,C ¦ γινομενης 2 (ℵ)(B) [5%] NU

*23:10 ευλαβηθεις f35 [93%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ φοβηθεις (ℵ)A,B,C [7%] NU

†23:10 καταβηναι και f35 [95%] HF,RP,OC,CP ¦ καταβαν ℵA,B,C [5%] TR,NU

‡23:11 παυλε f35 [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B,C [5%] NU

§23:11 σε δει rell ¦ ~ 21 CP

*23:12 τινες των ιουδαιων συστροφην f35 [86%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 4123 (𝕻48) [4%] ¦ ~ 4 οι ιουδαιοι ℵA,B,C [10%] NU

†23:12 εαυτους f35 C [25%] ¦ 1 λεγοντες 𝕻48ℵA,B [75%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP,NU

‡23:12 ανελωσιν f35 (A) [20%] ¦ αποκτεινωσιν (ℵ)B,C [80%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP,NU ¦ απεκτεινας 𝕻48

§23:13 τεσσαρακοντα f35 [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ τεσσερακοντα ℵA,B,C [3%] NU

*23:13 συνωμοσιαν rell ¦ συνομοσιαν [35%] ¦ two other variants ¦ — 𝕻48 is wild

†23:13 πεποιηκοτες f35 [85%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ποιησαμενοι ℵA,B,C [5%] NU ¦ ποιησαντες [9%] ¦ three other variants 𝕻48 [1%]

‡23:14 τοις rell ¦ — CP

§23:14 ειπον rell ¦ ειπαν 𝕻48ℵA,B,C [15%] NU

*23:15 αυριον f35 [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B,C [5%] NU

†23:15 καταγαγη αυτον f35 𝕻48ℵA,B,C [35%] CP,NU ¦ ~ 21 [65%] HF,RP,OC,TR

‡23:15 προς f35 C [93%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ εις 𝕻48ℵA,B [7%] NU

§23:16 το ενεδρον f35 [92%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ πην ενεδραν ℵA,B,C [8%] NU

*23:17 νεανιαν rell ¦ νεανισκον [2%] CP ¦ νεανια [19%] ¦ one other variant

†23:17 τι απαγγειλαι f35 (ℵ)C [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 21 A,B [3%] NU

‡23:18 νεανιαν f35 B [85%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ νεανισκον ℵA [15%] NU

§23:20 εις το συνεδριον καταγαγης τον παυλον f35 [88%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 564123 ℵA,B [7%] NU ¦ ~ 456123 [5%]

*23:20 1) μελλοντες f35 (33.1%) TR,CP 2) μελλοντα (27.2%) HF,RP 3) μελλοντων (17.4%) OC 4) μελλων A,B (9.2%) 5) μελλον ℵ (7.5%) NU6) μελλοντας (5.4%) (one other) (0.2%) Rather a dismaying picture—what to do? To begin, the variants are all participial forms of the same verb. The key seems to be the perceived referent or antecedent of the participle. Is it “the Jews”, “the Sanhedrin” or “the commander”? The best answer from the point of view of the grammar is evidently “the Jews”, which would require a masc., nom., plural form—the only candidate is variant 1). However, there were those who took the referent to be “the Sanhedrin”—the Alexandrian MSS have συνεδριον next to the participle, separated only by ως. The grammar requires a neuter, acc., sg. form—variant 5). But, the Sanhedrin was made up of men, so perhaps some decided it would be more appropriate to make it plural—variant 2); and maybe even masc. besides—variant 6) [might this be assimilation to verse 15?]. Variant 3), being genitive, is really strange, unless somehow someone thought that the commander intended to inquire of the Sanhedrin, viewed as plural. Variant 4) presumably takes “the commander” as the referent, but puts the form in the nom., sort of ad sensum since σε is acc. But variant 2) could also be referring to the commander, precisely masc., acc., singular. What are the requirements of the context? “The commander” as referent does not fit. Not only was it not his idea, he sent Paul away that very night to forestall the possibility. (That the Jews should attempt to tell the commander what was in his mind is scarcely credible.) “The Sanhedrin” as referent really doesn’t fit either. το συνεδριον appears in the text as the object of a preposition, not as an initiating agent. It is “the Jews” that is the Subject of the main verb, and therefore of the two infinitives, and our participle is working with the second infinitive, “as ones intending to inquire”. Conclusion: variant 1) is the only one that really fits the context; it is also the best attested. Although it only musters 33.1% of the vote (including f35), it is also attested by the three ancient versions—always weighty testimony. I conclude that the Autograph read μελλοντες.

†23:21 πλειους rell ¦ — [15%]

‡23:21 τεσσαρακοντα f35 [98%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ τεσσερακοντα ℵA,B [2%] NU

§23:21 ετοιμοι εισιν f35 [92%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 21 ℵA,B [8%] NU

*23:22 απελυσεν rell ¦ επελυσεν CP ¦ απελυσαι [3%]

†23:22 νεανιαν f35 [96%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ νεανισκον ℵA,B [4%] NU

‡23:23 δυο τινας f35 A [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ ~ 21 ℵB [2%] ¦ 2 [1%]

§23:24 επιβιβασαντες rell ¦ επιβηβασαντες [20%]

*23:24 φηλικα f35 ℵB [35%] HF,RP,OC,TR,NU ¦ φιληκα [25%] CP ¦ φιλικα A [40%]

†23:25 περιεχουσαν f35 A [94%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ εχουσαν ℵB [6%] NU ¦ — 𝕻48 is wild

‡23:26 φηλικι f35 𝕻48ℵB [40%] HF,RP,OC,TR,NU ¦ φιληκι [30%] CP ¦ φιλικι A [17%] ¦ φιλικη [4%] ¦ — [9%]

§23:27 συλληφθεντα rell ¦ συλλημφθεντα 𝕻48ℵA,B [2%] NU

*23:27 εξειλομην rell ¦ εξειλαμην ℵ(A)B [4%] NU ¦ ερυσαμην 𝕻48

†23:27 αυτον f35 [87%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ αυτων [3%] ¦ — ℵA,B [10%] NU ¦ κραζον 𝕻48

‡23:28 δε f35 [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ τε 𝕻48ℵA,B [3%] NU

§23:28 γνωναι f35 [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ επιγνωναι ℵA,B [5%] NU

*23:28 κατηγαγον αυτον εις το συνεδριον αυτων f35 𝕻48v [95%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ 13456 ℵA [4%] NU ¦ — B [1%]

†23:29 μηδεν f35 [75%] HF,RP ¦ 1 δε ℵA,B [25%] OC,TR,CP,NU

‡23:29 εγκλημα εχοντα f35 [50%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ~ 21 ℵA,B [50%] NU

§23:30 μελλειν f35 (89.4%) HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B (10.6%) NU

*23:30 υπο των ιουδαιων f35 (89.4%) HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B (10.6%) NU

†23:30 τα f35 [98%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ — (ℵA)B [2%]

‡23:30 ερρωσο f35 ℵ [68%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ ερρωσθε [25%] ¦ four further spellings [5%] ¦ — A,B [2%] NU

§23:31 της f35 [90%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B [10%] NU

*23:32 πορευεσθαι f35 [85%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ απερχεσθαι (ℵ)A,B [15%] NU

†23:34 ο ηγεμων f35 [91%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B [9%] NU

‡23:34 επαρχιας rell ¦ επαρχειας ℵA,B [2%] NU

§23:35 παραγενωνται rell ¦ παραγενονται [20%] ¦ παραγενοντε [3%]

*23:35 εκελευσεν τε f35 [87%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ κελευσας A,B [10%] NU ¦ κελευσαντος ℵ ¦ εκελευσαι δε [3%]

†23:35 αυτον f35 [90%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ — ℵA,B [10%] NU

‡23:35 του f35 ℵA [20%] OC,TR,NU ¦ τω B [1%] ¦ — [79%] HF,RP,CP

§23:35 φυλασσεσθαι f35 [90%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 αυτον ℵA,B [10%] NU

1) μελλοντες f35 (33.1%) TR,CP 2) μελλοντα (27.2%) HF,RP 3) μελλοντων (17.4%) OC 4) μελλων A,B (9.2%) 5) μελλον ℵ (7.5%) NU6) μελλοντας (5.4%) (one other) (0.2%) Rather a dismaying picture—what to do? To begin, the variants are all participial forms of the same verb. The key seems to be the perceived referent or antecedent of the participle. Is it “the Jews”, “the Sanhedrin” or “the commander”? The best answer from the point of view of the grammar is evidently “the Jews”, which would require a masc., nom., plural form—the only candidate is variant 1). However, there were those who took the referent to be “the Sanhedrin”—the Alexandrian MSS have συνεδριον next to the participle, separated only by ως. The grammar requires a neuter, acc., sg. form—variant 5). But, the Sanhedrin was made up of men, so perhaps some decided it would be more appropriate to make it plural—variant 2); and maybe even masc. besides—variant 6) [might this be assimilation to verse 15?]. Variant 3), being genitive, is really strange, unless somehow someone thought that the commander intended to inquire of the Sanhedrin, viewed as plural. Variant 4) presumably takes “the commander” as the referent, but puts the form in the nom., sort of ad sensum since σε is acc. But variant 2) could also be referring to the commander, precisely masc., acc., singular. What are the requirements of the context? “The commander” as referent does not fit. Not only was it not his idea, he sent Paul away that very night to forestall the possibility. (That the Jews should attempt to tell the commander what was in his mind is scarcely credible.) “The Sanhedrin” as referent really doesn’t fit either. το συνεδριον appears in the text as the object of a preposition, not as an initiating agent. It is “the Jews” that is the Subject of the main verb, and therefore of the two infinitives, and our participle is working with the second infinitive, “as ones intending to inquire”. Conclusion: variant 1) is the only one that really fits the context; it is also the best attested. Although it only musters 33.1% of the vote (including f35), it is also attested by the three ancient versions—always weighty testimony. I conclude that the Autograph read μελλοντες.